black bread

INGREDIENTS

• 2 packages (1 1/2 tablespoons) active dry yeast
• Pinch of sugar
• 1/2 cup warm water (105 to 115 degrees)
• 2 cups water
• 1/4 cup molasses
• 1/4 cup apple cider vinegar
• 4 tablespoons unsalted butter
• 1 ounce unsweetened chocolate
• 1/2 cup whole-wheat flour
• 3 cups medium rye flour
• 3 cups unbleached, all-purpose or bread flour
• 1 cup bran
• 2 tablespoons caraway seeds
• 1/2 teaspoon fennel seeds
• 1 tablespoon salt
• 1 tablespoon instant espresso powder
• 1 tablespoon minced shallots
• 1/4 cup cornmeal (optional)
• 1 tablespoon unbleached all-purpose flour (optional)
• 1 teaspoon caraway seeds (optional)